Complex Cases
Bill C-12 is now law. New eligibility rules are already in effect and may affect whether some refugee claims are referred to the IRB.
Last updated: June 2026
Mehdi Nafisi, RCIC-IRB · Immigreen Consulting, Vancouver, BC
Bill C-12 introduces rules that can prevent some claims from being referred to the IRB. Affected individuals may still have access to a Pre-Removal Risk Assessment. Learn what a PRRA notice means, what deadline applies, and how the evidence is assessed.
The practical impact
Here is what Bill C-12 means in plain terms.
The key question is no longer only whether a claim is strong. It is whether the claim will still be referred to the IRB at all.
The most significant change
The one-year rule explained.
A claim made more than one year after first entry into Canada after June 24, 2020 may not be referred to the IRB, even if the person later left Canada and returned.
For irregular entry cases
The 14-day rule for crossing outside a port of entry.
Claims by individuals who entered Canada between ports of entry along the Canada-US land border may not be referred if made more than 14 days after entry.
Who needs to pay attention
These changes matter most for specific situations.
Delayed claims
You entered Canada earlier but delayed claiming.
Irregular entry
You crossed from the US outside a port of entry.
Prior entry
You need to understand whether prior entry affects eligibility.
Family members
A family member may be affected by timing rules.
Official sources
Related Immigreen pages
Stay current
Frequently asked questions
FAQ
What is Bill C-12?
Bill C-12 is now law and introduces new eligibility rules for refugee claim referral.
Does the one-year rule mean my claim is refused?
Not refused, but it may not be referred to the IRB.
What is the 14-day rule?
It applies to certain irregular entries at the Canada-US land border.
What happens if not referred?
A PRRA may still be available.
Does leaving and returning reset the clock?
No, according to Government of Canada guidance.
Who is most affected?
Delayed claims and irregular entry situations.
Situation affected by Bill C-12 and not sure what to do?
Start with an intake form. Mehdi reviews your claim history, timing, and available options before any steps are taken.
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